Blockchain: How Decentralized Ledgers Actually Work

Shriira Press

Preface

A comprehensive, self-contained, and balanced guide to blockchain — the technology behind Bitcoin, Ethereum, and the wider world of cryptocurrencie…

Welcome to Blockchain: How Decentralized Ledgers Actually Work.

A comprehensive, self-contained, and balanced guide to blockchain — the technology behind Bitcoin, Ethereum, and the wider world of cryptocurrencies and decentralized applications. A blockchain is, at its core, a clever combination of old ideas — cryptographic hashing, digital signatures, peer-to-peer networking, and distributed consensus — assembled to solve one hard problem: letting parties who don't trust each other agree on a shared, tamper-evident record without a central authority. This book explains how that actually works, from the math up: cryptographic foundations, the block-and-chain data structure, the network, consensus (proof of work and proof of stake), Bitcoin and Ethereum, smart contracts and tokens, scaling, and — crucially — an honest account of the risks, limitations, and criticisms. It blends intuition (the problem and the idea), concepts (the mechanisms and the math), and runnable/concrete examples (hashes, transactions, a smart contract).

This title is part of the ShriIra library and is free to read in full, right here — our small contribution to making world-class knowledge easy to reach.

A note on reading it: open the Contents menu at the top of the reader to jump between chapters, use the Aa menu to set a comfortable text size, theme (light, sepia, or night), and single- or two-page layout. Your place is saved automatically, so you can always pick up where you left off.

We hope it serves you well.

— Shriira Press

Contents

  1. Chapter 1 — What Is a Blockchain?
  2. Chapter 2 — Cryptographic Foundations
  3. Chapter 3 — Blocks, Chains, and the Ledger
  4. Chapter 4 — The Network: Peer-to-Peer and Distributed State
  5. Chapter 5 — Consensus: How Decentralized Agreement Works
  6. Chapter 6 — Proof of Work and Mining
  7. Chapter 7 — Proof of Stake and Other Consensus Mechanisms
  8. Chapter 8 — Bitcoin: The First Blockchain
  9. Chapter 9 — Ethereum and Smart Contracts
  10. Chapter 10 — Tokens, DeFi, and Applications
  11. Chapter 11 — Scaling: Layer 2, Sharding, and the Trilemma
  12. Chapter 12 — Security, Risks, and Criticisms
  13. Chapter 13 — Blockchain in Practice and the Profession
  14. Appendix A — Glossary and Quick Reference
  15. Appendix B — Further Reading and Resources
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